Pile-fabric loom



Julyf29, 1930.

E. w. 4STONE PILE FABRIC LOOM Filed Sept. 20, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet l /Nl/E N TOR AToR/VEY July 29, 1930.

E. W. STONE PILE FABRIC Loom Filed Sepp. 2o, 1929 4 'IT I g llllllll ''H'iu u; im {1|} HAI: .Ll I Ul Il 1 lu i 42 44 41 i 25 24 5 ao J 1.9 g e 1 26 23 n .54 s F 6E .53 g m49 60 l 5 .5.9 1 2o '2 50 `96 MV@ 4o t 4a 34 f y .3a 3? 4 0 .31 Illu /Nl/ENTOR'e' 'j ATTORNEY July 29, 1930. E. w. STONE 1,771,662

PILE FABRIC LOOM Filed Sept. 20, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 /NVENTOR mwa@ v ATTORNEY of time required to lay three Patented July 29, 1930 EDWIN W. STONE, `Oll.|l|ONGr1VIllilAD0W, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO"13l'GfIilLOW-SAN- `FORD.CARPET CO., INC., F THOMPSONVILLE, CKNLNEC'lICl-TT,V A CORPORATION 0F MASSACHUSETTS Application led September 20, 1929. Serial No.v 393,979.

This invention relates to pile fabric looms ywherein the pile isformed by laying the pile forming strands over pile wires. j

In some w-eavesemployed in the produc'- tion of pile fabrics two picks or weft threads are laid for each` row of pile, while in other weaves three picks or weft threads are laid for each row of pile. When the former weave is employed a pile wire is inserted for every two picks whereas inr the Vcase of the latter weave a pile wire is inserted yfor every three picks. Y

In the weaves in'jwhic'h onepile wire is laid forevery two picks the wire inserting and withdrawing mechanisms must be so actuated that they will insertand remove a vpile wire while the loom isA performing the cycles of 0per'ations involved in laying two picks5 and in the weaves in which one pile is laid for each three picks the wire inserting and rwithdrawing' mechanisms may operate at a slower speed since they may now utilize thel period picks in which to insertand withdraw a wire.

It will be seen from the above that the cycle of movements of a loom operated to insert a pile wire for every two picks is different from the cycle of movements in a loom operated to insert a wire for every three picks, and that theroperating parts inthe two looms must be differently synchronized.

It may be desirable in some cases to employ the' same loom to weave either of the pile fabrics above mentioned, and the present invention therefore relates `to a pile fabric loom which is so constructed that the synchronized operations of its different parts may be readily changed to cause the loom to insert a'pilewire for every two picks under one adjustment and a pile wire for every three picks under a different adjustment.

if desired the speed of the crank shaft of the loom may be the same in a two shot asin a three shot operation, and if the speed of the crank shaft is not changed when the operation of the loom is altered to laya different number of picks per pile wire, then the time available for inserting and removing a wire in a two shot operation isshorter thanV in a three shot operation'. In the case of a broad loom in which a long travel is requiredto insert and-remove a pile wire, an appreciable period of time is required to perform the wire shifting operations. The interval of time which is required to completethe cycles of-*movement involved in laying two picks should therefore V.be carefully divided to permit the wire inserting and withdrawing operations to be performedvin the available period of time without requiring any of the mechanism tobe operated at an excessively high speed. l j l It is therefore found advisable in changing a loom from a three pick operation to a two pick operation or vice versa, to change the time for both inserting and withdrawing a wire, for if the timefor either inserting a wire or withdrawing a wire is n'iaintainedl the saine in the two pick operation as in the three pick operation the small amount of time left is not sufficient for the proper performance of the remaining wire shifting operation.

An important feature of the present invention therefore residesin a pile fabric loom that is operable to lay one pile wire for every two picks under one adjustment and one pile wire for every three picks under a different adjustment, and in trains of mechanisms for operating different parts of the loom and provided rwith adjustable means for varying the synchronized operations of said diderent y parts.

` A more specific feature of the invention resides in a pile fabricV loom having one train of lmechanism for operating the shedding mechanism, another train of mechanism for operating the wire inserting mechanism and still another train of mechanism for operating the wire withdrawing mechanism, and in adjustable means includedV in each of said trains of mechanism and adapted to be adjusted to vary the synchronized operation of the parts driven by each of said trains.

A further feature of the present invention resides in clutch mechanism for operating the wire inserting scroll and in change speed means for varying the time for shifting the scroll operating clutch.

Still a further feature ofthe present inven-` i tion resides in speed change mechanism for IDO varying the synchronized action of the shed forming mechanism and the jacquard mechanism with respect to the crank shaft.

The above and other features of the invention and novel combination of parts will be best understood from the following description whenread in connection with the accompanying drawings illustrating one good practical form ofthe invention.

n/the drawings: Y A Fig 1 is a side elevation of a pile fabric loom with parts in section;

Fig. 2 is a. front elevation of the .wire controlling mechanism for the loom of Fig. 1;

F ig. 3 is a top plan view of driving mechanism containing the present invention and v shown on an enlarged scale.V

Fig. 4 is a sectional detail of the motor drive connection.

Fig. 5 is a detached detail showing parts of the driving mechanism.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged horizontal section showing details of the pile wire inserting mechanism. 1 Y l Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic sectional view typifying an arrangement of the warp on the first shot of a two shot loom operation;

Fig. 8 is a similar view showing the arrangement of the warp on the second shot of a two shot loom operation;

Fig. 9 is a similar View showing the arrangement of the warp on the first shot of a three shot loom operation.

Fig. 10 shows the arrangement of the warp of Fig. 9 on the second shot; and

Fig. 11 shows the arrangement of the warp o-f Fig. 9 on the third shot.

The features of the present invention are illustrated in the drawings in connection with a broad pile fabric loom employing a scroll for inserting the pile wires and a 'chain for withdrawing the pile wires, but certain features of the present invent-ion are applicable to looms employing other types of wire controlling mechanism.

' is the lay rock shaft 2 carrying the lay swords 3 on which the lay fl and reed 5 are mounted, Fig. 1, for cooperation with the shuttle 6 in laying and beat-ing up the weft or filling as usual. A take-np roll 7 at the front of the loom driven by the worm wheel 8, serves to takeup the cloth as it is woven.

The beat-up movement may be imparted to the lay by any usual form of mechanism but in the present instance this movement is imparted to the lay by toggle levers 9 and 1() that are pivotally connected at 1 l and the forward end of each lever 9 is pivotally connected to a bracket secured to the lay while the rear end of each lever 10 is pivot-ally secured to a fixed portion of the loom frame. The toggles 9 and 10 are operated by the crank shaft 12 having connecting links between the toggle pivots along a runway upon the supporting frame 18 and the carriage' 17 is moved in the wire inserting direction by a rope or cable 19 that engages the operating scroll 20, andthe car- "riage is moved in the wire withdrawing direction by the chain 21 driven by the large sprocket 22. The parts so far described may operate in a well known manner since the details'thereof form no essential part of the present invention, but are shown and briefly mentioned to make clear the features of the invention to be hereinafter described.

,in the construction shown the driving power for the loom is supplied by an electric motor 23 the shaft of which is provided with aV pinion 211 that meshes with a gear 25 secured to a shaft 26. The shaft 26 is provided with a pinion 27 that drives the oppositely disposed gears 28 and 29 which may be of the saine size. The gear 28 is secured to the crank shaft 12 and the gearv 29 is secured to the shaft 30. Since, as above stated, it is unnecessary to change the speed of the crank shaft in changing from a two pick to a three pick operation. or vice versa, the crank shaft may be given its desired constant speed from the motor as above described.

In the embodiment of the'invention illustrated the sprocket 22 for operating the Wire withdrawing chain 21 is mounted upon and driven by a shaft 31, and since it is desirable vto change the speed of the chain 21 in changing the picks to be laid per pile wire the shaft 31 is provided with the change speed bevel gears 32 and 33 adapted to be selectively engaged with the bevel gears 34 and 35 respectively mounted upon the shaft 36. r)The gears 32 and 33 in the construction shown are rigidly secured to the shaft 31 while the gears 341- and 35 are keyed to the shaft 36 for sliding movement and may be held in the desired position lengthwise of the shaft v by changing the position of the split spacing collars 37 and 38. It will be seen from the arrangement just described that when the gears 33Y and 35 are engaged as shown in Fig. 3, the shaft 31 will be driven from the shaft 36 at one speed and when the gears 32 and 3st are engaged as shown in Fig. 5, the shaft 31 will be driven at a different speed. The shaft 36 is driven from the shaft 26 by the pinion 39 and gear 40.

In changing the loom from a two to a threepick operation or vice versa, the timing of the operation of the harness mechanism and jacquard mechanism should be changed with respectto the crank shaft, and this is accomplished yby providing the driving shaft 41 for operating the shedding mechanism. The speedvat whichtheshaft 41 is driven may be varied by vemploying the change gears 42 and 43 upon the shaft 30 and the cooperating` gears 44 and 45 upon the shaft 41. These gears may be constructed as shownin Fig. 4 wherein it will be seen that gear 42 is keyed to the shaft while gear 45 is keyed to the shaft 41. The other two gears 43 and 44are loosely mounted on their shafts but may be prevented from rotating upon the shafts upon which "they are mounted by inserting the screws 46 to secure the gears together. It will therefore be seen that the shaft 41 may be drivenf at one speed from the shaft 30 through the gears 42, 44 and at a different speed through the gears 43, 45, depending upon-the arrangement of the securing screws 46, and since the heddle mechanism and jacquard mechanism are operated from the shaft 41, their synchronized operation with respect to the crank shaft' may be readily varied through the change gears just described.

In changing a loom so that it will lay a different number of picks per pile wirein accordance with the present invention theV speed ofthe wire inserting mechanism is changed, a condition that is secured by changing the'speed of the scroll operating shaft 47 and the timing of the mechanism for actuating the clutch 48 employed to drive the shaft 47. In the scroll operating mechanism shown the clutch 48 for operatively connecting the aligned shafts 47, 49 may be a cone clutch of well known construction and is shown as having the outer cone element rigidly secured to the short shaft 49 while t-he inner coneelement is keyedor otherwise securedto the shaft 47 for movement into and out of friction engagement with the otuer cone element. The shaft 49 is driven by a bevel pinion 50 that engages a bevel gear 51 mountedupon the shaft 36. The arrangement is such that the gear 51 may be driven at one speed from the vshaft 36 and at a differentspeed from the shaft41. This is accomplished by the construction best shown in Fig. 6, wherein it will be speen that the bevel gear 51 is keyed to a sleeve-52 journaled upon the shaft 36 and that the sleevehas an integral or rigid pinion'53 that engages with a gear 54 upon the shaft 41. If the gear 51 is. to bedriven from the shaft 36 it is secured tothe shoulder 55 which is keyed to the. shaft 36 by inserting the bolts 56, and if the gear 51 is to Vbe driven from the shaft 41 `'the bolts 56 ,are removed and the bolts 57 are inserted to secure the gear 54 to the shoulder 58 that is keyed to the shaft 4];

The 'operation of the scroll 2O to insert a pile wire is effected in the construction shown by providing the shaft 41 with a cam 59 adapted to engage an antifriction roller upon the rocking lever 60` (see Fig. The lever 60 is operatively connected to theclutch oper# ating lever 61 `by the link 62. The'arrangement is such that the cooperating parts of the clutch 48fare normally retained out 'of engagement with each other by a spring (not shown) but the clutch is held closed to operate the scroll 20 during the `short-interval of time that the cam 59 'holds the lever 60 in the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1. Vhen the operation of a loom is changed in accordance with the present invention` to lay a different number of picks per pile wire it is also necessary to change the operation ofthe wire supporting switch 63 of `well known construction with respectto the crank shaft movement in order to effect the proper insertion and Withdrawal of the pile wires, but this may be accomplished by driving the switch operating cam v(not shown) `from the shaft 41. Y

When a pile fabric loom embodying the fea-` tures of the present invention is adjusted to lay a `pile wire for every two picks, the warps will occupy the position in whichthey .are shown Vin F 7 doing the first shot, so that the pile forming warps Pwill be laid over the inserted pile wire 16, while one set of ground warps B1 will be partly raised and the other set of ground warps B2will be lowered to cause the first weft thread to be laid by the shuttle 6 between the Warps B1, B2. On the second shot of the two shot loom operation the warps will occupy the position in which they are shown in Fig. 8 wherein it will be seen that the pile forming warps P and the ground warps B1l are lowered while the ground warps B? are raised. y

In case the loom is adjusted to lay one pile wire for every three picks thewarps will occupy the position in which they are shown in Fig. 9 during the first shot, which arrangement it will be Vnotedis the same as in Fig. 7. During the second shot of this three pick operation the warps will be positioned as shown in Fig. 10, with the groundwarps B1 raised and the ground warps B'2 and pile forming warps P lowered, and during the third shot of this three pick operation the warps will be positioned as shown -in Figfll wherein itwill be seen that the warps B? are now raised while the warps B1 are lowered. Y

-In securingthese changes in the operation of the loom, the action of the lay and of the shuttle picking mechanism may remain the same in laying either two shots or three shots per pile wire, and the change in the oper-` ation of the warp forming mechanism and wire controlling mechanism is secured by varying the operation of the driving mech` anism above described.

` It will be seen from the foregoing that in order to change from a two pick operation to a three pick operation or vice versa the ioo synchronized operations of a numberof differentrparts of the loom require tof be changed with respect to the speed of the crank shaft, and that the rate of change in speed required is differentfor different parts .of the-loom, butl that through the employment of the different trainsr of change speedk mechanism shown and described the operation of the loom maybe easily changedto insert a pile wire for everyvtwo picks or every three picks as desired.

e vWhat is claimed is Y Y l. In a pile fabric loom having means for weaving a ground fabric and for inserting and removing ,pile Wires, in combination, means for operating the loomL tok lay one pile wire for every two picks or one pile wire for every three picks depending upon the loom adjustment, yincluding means for operating the crankshaft at the same speed while laying one pile wire for every two picks or one pile wire forevery three picks, different trains of change speed driving mechanisms, and manually adjustable means for varying the operation of said trains of mechanisms relative to the crank shaft movement to thereby change the synchronized operations of the weaving and pile wire7 operating mechanism.V

2. In a pile fabric loom having means for weaving a ground fabric and for inserting and removing pile wires. in combination, means for operatingthe loom to lay one pile wire for every two picks or one pile wire for every three picks depending upon the loom adjustment, 'including means for 4operating the crank shaft atl the same speed while laying one pile wire for VVevery two picks or one pile wire for every three picks, a train of change speed mechanism for operating the wire inserting and withdrawing mechanism, another train of change vspeed mechanism for operating the shed forming mechanism, and adjustable means for varying the operation of said trains of mechanism relative to the crank shaft speed to thereby change the synchronized operations of the shed forming and the wire inserting and withdrawing mechanism.

3. In a pile fabricloom having means for weaving a ground fabric and for inserting and removing pile wires, in combination, means for operating the looms to lay one pile wire for every two picks or one pile wire for every three picks depending `upon the loom adjustment, including a 'train of mechanism for operating the wire inserting` mechanism, a second train of mechanism for operating the wire withdrawing mechanism, a third train of mechanism for operating the shed forming mechanism, and independently adjustable means in each of saidtrains of mechanisms for varying the synchronized operations of the parts driven'thereby with respect to other going parts .of the loom.

4. vIn-a pile fabric loom having means for weaving a ground fabric and for inserting and removing pile wires, in combination, means for operating the loom to lay one pile wire for every two picks or one pile wire for every three picks depending upon the loom adjustment, including means for operating thecrank shaft at the same speed while laying one pile'wire for every two .picks or one pile wire for every three picks, different trains of driving mechanisms, and adjustable means for varying the operation speed of said trains ofV mechanisms to thereby change the synchronized operation of the shed forming mechanism and wire controlling mechanism with respect tothe speed of the crank shaft.

5. In a pile fabric loom having means for weaving a ground fabric and for inserting and removing pile wires, in combination, means for operating'the loom to lay one pile wire for every two picks` or one pile wire for every three picks depending upon the loom adjustment, including different trains of mechanisms for operating the shed forming mechanism and the wire inserting and removing mechanism, and separate adjustable means in each of said trains of mechanisms for changing the synchronized operation of the mechanism driven by each of said trains with respect tothe lay crank shaft.

6. In a pile fabric loom having means for weaving a ground fabric and for inserting and removing pile wires, in combination, means for operating the loom to lay one pile wire for every two picks or one pile wire for every three picks depending upon the loom adjustment, including shed shifting means and a driving train therefore, a wire inserting-scroll and a driving train therefore, a wire withdrawing sprocket and a driving train therefore, and independentl adjustable means in each of said trains for changing the synchronized operation of the parts actuated thereby with respect to the lay crank shaft.

7 In a pile fabric loom having means for weaving a ground fabric and for inserting and removing: pile wires, in combination,

- means for operating the loom to lay one pile wire for every two picks or one pile wire for every three picks depending upon the loom adjustment, including different trains of driving mechanisms, and adjustable means in each of said trains and adapted when moved to one position to operatev the parts driven thereby in one predetermined synchronized relation to the lay crank shaft and when moved to a second position to operate the parts driven by each of said trains at a different predetermined synchronized relation to the lay crank shaft.

8. In a pile fabric loom having means for weaving a ground fabric and for inserting and removingy pile wires, in combination, means for operating the loom to lay one llO pile wire for every two picks or one pile wire for every three picks depending upon the loom adjustment, including oneV train of mechanism for operating the shed forming mechanism and another train of mechanism including a clutch for operating the wire inserting mechanism, adjustable means in each of said trains of mechanism for changing the synchronized operation of the parts driven thereby with respect to the lay crank shaft, and means operable from said first train of mechanism for shiftin said clutch to actuate the wire inserting mec anism.

9. In a pile fabric loom having means'for weaving a ground fabric and for inserting Iand removing pile wires, in combination,

means for operating the loom to lay one pile wire for every two picks or one pile wire'for every three picks depending upon the loom adjustment, including one train of mechanism for operating the shed'forming mechanism, a second train ofmechanism for operating the wire inserting mechanism, a third train of mechanism for operating the wire withdrawing mechanism, separate, manuallyadjustable, change speed means in each of said trains of mechanisms and adapted to operate the parts driven by each train at either one of two different predetermined speeds relative to the lay crank shaft.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

EDWIN W. STONE. 

